by and large

adverb

: on the whole : in general

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By and large means “in general” or "on the whole" in most contexts, but in sailors’ lingo of yore, whence the phrase arose, by and large described a vessel alternately sailing as directly into the wind as possible (typically within about 45 degrees of the wind)—that is, by—and away from the direction from which the wind is blowing, with the wind hitting the vessel’s widest point—that is, large. (Note that this by also appears in the term full and by: "sailing as directly into the wind as possible and with all sails full.") William Bourne’s 1578 book Inventions or Devises offers insight into the phrase’s original use: “… to make a ship to draw or go but little into the water, and to hold a good wind, and to sail well both by and large, were very necessary …” As has happened with much nautical jargon, the phrase eventually came ashore. By and large, landlubbers welcomed it, first in the sense "in many directions" or "in all ways," and ultimately with its present meaning of "in general."

Examples of by and large in a Sentence

by and large, that information is accurate
Recent Examples on the Web
Examples are automatically compiled from online sources to show current usage. Read More Opinions expressed in the examples do not represent those of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.
So far, the ad products are, by and large, much less intrusive than ads in many other social networks and seem to be oriented around providing some user value. Samuel Axon, ArsTechnica, 27 Mar. 2025 The problem was that the squirrels were, by and large, well-fed. Ben Naddaff-Hafrey, Smithsonian Magazine, 26 Mar. 2025 And even five years ago, when the world plunged into lockdown, sneaker were, by and large, on the chunkier side (Nike’s Dunks and Jordans were particularly popular, fuelled by covetable new releases). Alice Cary, Vogue, 25 Mar. 2025 There's a little sprinkled throughout, but these all-stars are by and large gracious and amiable. Randall Colburn, EW.com, 13 Mar. 2025 See All Example Sentences for by and large

Word History

First Known Use

1707, in the meaning defined above

Time Traveler
The first known use of by and large was in 1707

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Cite this Entry

“By and large.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/by%20and%20large. Accessed 1 Apr. 2025.

Kids Definition

by and large

adverb
ˌbī-ən-ˈlärj
: on the whole : in general

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